Organizational Design Movement
- Organizational Design Movement
Also known as the ‘neo-human relations school’ or ‘organizational psychology’, this was a group of writers who were influential in American and European business schools in the 1960s. The most notable OD theorists were (
The Human Side of the Enterprise, 1960), (‘New Patterns of Management’, in ,
Management and Motivation, 1970), and (‘Understanding Human Behaviour in Organizations’, in ,
Modern Organization Theory, 1959). What these writers shared was a conviction that conventional formal organizations (see
formal structure ) embodied the (regressive) psychological assumptions of their designers; that such organizations often resulted in psychological distress for individuals working within them; and that better organizational structures were possible. Each built loosely on the theories of Abraham H.
Maslow . McGregor stresses the importance of the worker's self-fulfilment. Likert favoured restructuring the hierarchical command structure of organizations as a series of interlinked collaborating groups. Argyris argued against the dependence and frustration produced by the constraints of directive leadership and in favour of organizational designs which facilitated
self-actualization among employees. These ideas became one of the principal elements feeding into the later Quality of Work Life Movement (see
QWL Movement ), despite the fact that much of the OD programme rested on questionable empirical evidence, and an undemonstrated assumption that frustration of the higher needs in Maslow's
needs hierarchy generated a narrow and destructive money-mindedness in employees.
Dictionary of sociology.
2013.
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